Name: 
 

Gases


Matching
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
Boyle's law
d.
Graham's law
b.
Charles's law
e.
Gay-Lussac's law
c.
Dalton's law
f.
ideal gas law
 

 1. 
For a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure.
 

 2. 
The volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature, if the pressure is kept constant.
 

 3. 
The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the volume is kept constant.
 

 4. 
P ´ V = n ´ R ´ T
 

 5. 
At constant volume and temperature, the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases.
 

 6. 
The rate at which a gas will effuse is inversely proportional to the square root of the gas’s molar mass.
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
effusion
c.
diffusion
b.
compressibility
d.
partial pressure
 

 7. 
a measure of how much the volume of matter decreases under pressure
 

 8. 
the pressure exerted by a gas in a mixture
 

 9. 
the escape of gas through a small hole in a container
 

 10. 
tendency of molecules to move to regions of lower concentration
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 11. 
Why does the pressure inside a container of gas increase if more gas is added to the container?
a.
There is an increase in the number of collisions between particles and the walls of the container.
b.
There is an increase in the temperature of the gas.
c.
There is a decrease in the volume of the gas.
d.
There is an increase in the force of the collisions between the particles and the walls of the container.
 

 12. 
If the volume of a container of gas is reduced, what will happen to the pressure inside the container?
a.
The pressure will increase.
b.
The pressure will not change.
c.
The pressure will decrease.
d.
The pressure depends on the type of gas.
 

 13. 
Which of these changes would NOT cause an increase in the pressure of a contained gas?
a.
The volume of the container is increased.
b.
More of the gas is added to the container.
c.
The temperature is increased.
d.
The average kinetic energy of the gas in increased.
 

 14. 
The volume of a gas is doubled while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas pressure change?
a.
It is reduced by one half.
b.
It does not change.
c.
It is doubled.
d.
It varies depending on the type of gas.
 

 15. 
The volume of a gas is reduced from 4 L to 0.5 L while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas pressure change?
a.
It increases by a factor of four.
c.
It increases by a factor of eight.
b.
It decreases by a factor of eight.
d.
It increases by a factor of two.
 

 16. 
A gas occupies a volume of 2.4 L at 14.1 kPa. What volume will the gas occupy at 84.6 kPa?
a.
497 L
c.
14 L
b.
2.5 L
d.
0.40 L
 

 17. 
A sample of gas occupies 17 mL at –11214studyguide_files/i0210000.jpgC. What volume does the sample occupy at 7014studyguide_files/i0210001.jpgC?
a.
10.6 mL
c.
36mL
b.
27 mL
d.
8.0mL
 

 18. 
If a balloon containing 3000 L of gas at 3914studyguide_files/i0220000.jpgC and 99 kPa rises to an altitude where the pressure is 45.5 kPa and the temperature is 1614studyguide_files/i0220001.jpgC, the volume of the balloon under these new conditions would be calculated using the following conversion factor ratios: ____.
a.
3000 L 14studyguide_files/i0220002.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220003.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220004.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220005.jpg
c.
3000 L 14studyguide_files/i0220006.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220007.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220008.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220009.jpg
b.
3000 L 14studyguide_files/i0220010.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220011.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220012.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220013.jpg
d.
3000 L 14studyguide_files/i0220014.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220015.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220016.jpg 14studyguide_files/i0220017.jpg
 

 19. 
An ideal gas CANNOT be ____.
a.
condensed
c.
heated
b.
cooled
d.
compressed
 

 20. 
Under what conditions of temperature and pressure is the behavior of real gases most like that of ideal gases?
a.
low temperature and low pressure
c.
high temperature and low pressure
b.
low temperature and high pressure
d.
high temperature and high pressure
 

 21. 
If the atmospheric pressure on Mt. Everest is one-third the atmospheric pressure at sea level, the partial pressure of oxygen on Everest is ____.
a.
one-sixth its pressure at sea level
c.
one-half its pressure at sea level
b.
one-third its pressure at sea level
d.
equal to its pressure at sea level
 

 22. 
A breathing mixture used by deep-sea divers contains helium, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. What is the partial pressure of oxygen at 101.4 kPa if 14studyguide_files/i0260000.jpg = 82.5 kPa and 14studyguide_files/i0260001.jpg = 0.4 kPa?
a.
82.9 kPa
c.
18.5 kPa
b.
19.3 kPa
d.
101.0 kPa
 

 23. 
Which of the following gases will effuse the most rapidly?
a.
bromine
c.
ammonia
b.
chlorine
d.
hydrogen
 

 24. 
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the movement of particles in a gas?
a.
Particles travel in straight-line paths until they collide with other objects.
b.
Particles usually travel uninterrupted indefinitely.
c.
Particles fill their containers regardless of the shape or volume of the container.
d.
The aimless path taken by particles is known as a random walk.
 

 25. 
What instrument is normally used to measure atmospheric pressure?
a.
thermometer
c.
vacuum
b.
barometer
d.
manometer
 

 26. 
What is one standard atmosphere of pressure in kilopascals?
a.
0 kPa
c.
101.3 kPa
b.
760 kPa
d.
1 kPa
 

 27. 
Standard conditions when working with gases are defined as ____.
a.
0 K and 101.3 kPa
c.
014studyguide_files/i0310000.jpgC and 101.3 kPa
b.
0 K and 1 kPa
d.
014studyguide_files/i0310001.jpgC and 1 kPa
 

 28. 
The pressure of a gas in a container is 152 mm Hg. This is equivalent to ____.
a.
0.2 atm
c.
0.3 atm
b.
2 atm
d.
0.4 atm
 

 29. 
At STP, how many liters of oxygen are required to react completely with 3.6 liters of hydrogen to form water?
2H14studyguide_files/i0330000.jpg(g) + O14studyguide_files/i0330001.jpg(g) ® 2H14studyguide_files/i0330002.jpgO(g)
a.
1.8 L
c.
2.0 L
b.
3.6 L
d.
2.4 L
 

Short Answer
 

 30. 
The volume of a gas is 250 mL at 340.0 kPa pressure. What will the volume be when the pressure is reduced to 50.0 kPa, assuming the temperature remains constant?
 

 31. 
A balloon filled with helium has a volume of 30.0 L at a pressure of 100 kPa and a temperature of 15.014studyguide_files/i0360000.jpgC. What will the volume of the balloon be if the temperature is increased to 80.014studyguide_files/i0360001.jpgC and the pressure remains constant?
 

 32. 
A gas occupies a volume of 140 mL at 35.014studyguide_files/i0370000.jpgC and 97 kPa. What is the volume of the gas at STP?
 

 33. 
How many moles of N14studyguide_files/i0380000.jpg are in a flask with a volume of 250 mL at a pressure of 300.0 kPa and a temperature of 300.0 K?
 

Essay
 

 34. 
What is Dalton's law of partial pressures? Explain how this law relates to the fact that mountain climbers must carry tanks of oxygen when scaling high peaks.
 



 
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