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Chapter 1 and 2 Intro Test

Matching
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
organic chemistry
d.
analytical chemistry
b.
inorganic chemistry
e.
physical chemistry
c.
biochemistry
 

 1. 
the study of the processes that take place in organisms
 

 2. 
concerned with the mechanism, rate, and energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change
 

 3. 
the study of all chemicals containing carbon
 

 4. 
the study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon
 

 5. 
the study of the composition of matter
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
mixture
d.
reactant
b.
product
e.
heterogeneous mixture
c.
phase
f.
vapor
 

 6. 
a physical blend of two or more components
 

 7. 
part of a sample having uniform composition and properties
 

 8. 
not uniform in composition
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
distillation
d.
compound
b.
mass
e.
element
c.
chemical reaction
f.
homogeneous
 

 9. 
amount of matter an object contains
 

 10. 
describes mixture with a uniform composition
 

 11. 
substance that cannot be changed into simpler substances by chemical means
 

 12. 
composed of two or more substances chemically combined in a fixed proportion
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 13. 
Which field of science studies the composition and structure of matter?
a.
physics
c.
chemistry
b.
biology
d.
geology
 

 14. 
Which of the following best describes an example of pure chemistry?
a.
testing the effects of lower concentrations of a drug on humans
b.
studying chemicals containing carbon
c.
developing a cure for osteoporosis
d.
finding an antidote for a new strain of virus
 

 15. 
Which of the following was a major contribution to chemistry by Antoine Lavoisier?
a.
He showed that oxygen is required for material to burn.
b.
He demonstrated the presence of phlogiston in air.
c.
He encouraged scientists to form explanations based on philosophical arguments.
d.
He developed the science of alchemy.
 

 16. 
One characteristic of a scientific theory is that ____.
a.
it can never be proved
c.
it cannot be modified
b.
it can be proved
d.
it summarizes a set of observations
 

 17. 
A theory is a ____.
a.
proposed explanation for an observation
b.
well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations
c.
summary of the results of many observations
d.
procedure used to test a proposed explanation
 

 18. 
The variable that is observed during an experiment is called what type of variable?
a.
independent
c.
controlling
b.
manipulated
d.
responding
 

 19. 
An example of an extensive property of matter is ____.
a.
temperature
c.
mass
b.
pressure
d.
hardness
 

 20. 
All of the following are physical properties of matter EXCEPT ____.
a.
mass
c.
melting point
b.
color
d.
ability to rust
 

 21. 
Which of the following is NOT a physical property of water?
a.
It has a boiling point of 100intropracticetest_files/i0260000.jpgC.
b.
It is a colorless liquid.
c.
It is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
d.
Sugar dissolves in it.
 

 22. 
Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance?
a.
color and odor
c.
malleability and hardness
b.
melting and boiling points
d.
all of the above
 

 23. 
A vapor is which state of matter?
a.
solid
c.
gas
b.
liquid
d.
all of the above
 

 24. 
Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container?
a.
solid
c.
gas
b.
liquid
d.
both b and c
 

 25. 
Which of the following is a physical change?
a.
corrosion
c.
evaporation
b.
explosion
d.
rotting of food
 

 26. 
Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
a.
air
c.
steel
b.
salt water
d.
soil
 

 27. 
Which of the following is true about homogeneous mixtures?
a.
They are known as solutions.
b.
They consist of two or more phases.
c.
They have compositions that never vary.
d.
They are always liquids.
 

 28. 
Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
a.
vinegar in water
c.
oil and vinegar
b.
milk
d.
air
 

 29. 
Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?
a.
salt water
c.
sand and water
b.
beef stew
d.
soil
 

 30. 
Which of the following is true about compounds?
a.
They can be physically separated into their component elements.
b.
They have compositions that vary.
c.
They are substances.
d.
They have properties similar to those of their component elements.
 

 31. 
What is one difference between a mixture and a compound?
a.
A compound consists of more than one phase.
b.
A compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means.
c.
A mixture can only be separated into its components by chemical means.
d.
A mixture must be uniform in composition.
 

 32. 
What distinguishes a substance from a mixture?
a.
Substances are compounds, and mixtures are not.
b.
Mixtures are groupings of elements, and compounds are not.
c.
Samples of the same substance can have different intensive properties.
d.
Mixtures can be separated physically, while compounds cannot.
 

 33. 
Which of the following is a chemical property?
a.
color
c.
freezing point
b.
hardness
d.
ability to react with oxygen
 

 34. 
In the chemical reaction in which sucrose is heated and decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water, which of the following is a reactant?
a.
sucrose
c.
water
b.
carbon dioxide
d.
heat
 

 35. 
What must occur for a change to be a chemical reaction?
a.
There must be a change in chemical properties.
b.
There must be a change in physical properties.
c.
The change must involve a change in mass.
d.
The change must involve a change in volume.
 

 36. 
Which of the following is NOT a physical change?
a.
grating cheese
c.
fermenting of cheese
b.
melting cheese
d.
mixing two cheeses in a bowl
 

 37. 
Which of the following processes does NOT involve a change in chemical properties?
a.
rusting
c.
boiling
b.
fermenting
d.
burning
 

 38. 
Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4intropracticetest_files/i0430000.jpgC?
a.
its color
b.
its state
c.
its temperature
d.
its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen
 

 39. 
When paper turns yellow-brown upon exposure to sunlight, what type of change is likely taking place?
a.
a physical change
b.
a chemical change
c.
neither a physical change nor a chemical change
d.
both a physical change and a chemical change
 

 40. 
When an iron nail is ground into powder, its mass ____.
a.
stays the same
c.
increases
b.
decreases
d.
cannot be determined
 



 
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